An experimental research platform is built on Shenguang II high power laser facility for obtaining the equation of state of liquid deuterium which has ability to control the temperature in a range of 12–300 K with an accuracy of ±0.03 K in 80 min. By optimizing the coating processing and cleaning the target, we solve the problems that the residual reflection is too high and serious frosting takes place on the window of the target at low temperature, then we obtain the experimental image with a good signal-to-noise ratio. By using the impedance matching method and velocity interferometer system for any reflector, experimental Hugoniot data of liquid deuterium are obtained at a pressure of about 60 GPa under the output condition of 3ω, 3 ns, 1200 J on Shenguang II high power laser, which agrees well with the other published data in the same pressure regime and provides a good foundation for the next experimental study of liquid deuterium equation in 100 GPa pressure regime.

The coupling efficiency of short-pulse ignition laser energy to hot-spot internal energy directly affects the feasibility of fast ignition. Experimental characterization of the hot spot has attracted much attention. Among temperature, density and neutron yield of fast ignition experiments, the temperature of the hot spot has few available diagnostic methods. Multispectral X-ray imaging of hot-spot continuum emission is expected to give the time evolution of the electron temperature distribution. This article describes electron temperature determination from multispectral imaging, a dual-channel X-ray Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) microscope designed for two-spectral imaging, and the experimental results of hot-core multispectral imaging of an imploded cone-shell target at the SG-II laser facility.

A joint diagnostic system was established for the diagnosis of laser-driven shock wave experiments. The system has high temporal resolution (time resolution ～12 ps) and high spatial resolution (spatial resolution ～7 μm) and fits for diagnostics of the experiment with small sample size and short time physical process. The joint diagnostic system was applied for shock wave measurement on the Shenguang-II laser facility. The passive shock breakout signal and active diagnostic signal were simultaneously obtained. The temporal measurement reliability of the system was verified using a multi-layered target. The experimental results show that the two measurement results were consistent.

An experiment with thin titanium foils irradiated by two pulses delayed in time is conducted on the Shenguang-II laser facility. A prepulse induces an underdense plasma, 2-ns later a main pulse (λ_L = 0.35 μm, E_L = 120 J, τ_L = 100 ps) is injected into the underdense plasma and produces strong line emission from the titanium K shell (i.e., He_α at 4.7 keV). Data show that the intensity of 4.7-keV X-ray emission with the prepulse is approximately twice more than without the prepulse, and can be used as a backlighting source satisfying the diagnostic requirements for dense plasma probing. Highquality plasma images are obtained with the backlighting 4.7-keV X-rays in a Rayleigh–Taylor hydrodynamic instability experiment.

The supersonic jets and the interaction of strong shock waves are ubiquitous features of the nonlinear hydrodynamics of inertial-confinement fusion, astrophysic, and related fields of high energy-density science, so very important value have their studies in laboratory. A laboratories experimental study on jets is reported. The plasma jets were created by an ns laser pulse irradiating a special circular hole target, and the shadow of jets were recorded by using an X-ray laser probe with wavelength of 13.9 nm. Legible shadow images of plasma jets were obtained. The experimental results and theoretical simulation were in qualitative agreement.

The fabrication and measurement of isentropic release targets were described. The Al，Au，Ag、Cu and Zn thin foils were cut to hundred micron by apparatus of laser. They are fabricated to isentropic release targets using in the laser equation of state experiments by the assembly. The parameters of targets were measured by NT1100 profiling system. The isentropic release targets were used in "SG II" experiments and good images were obtained.

This paper describes the elliptical crystal spectrograph(ECS)which is used to investigate X-ray spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas.The spectrometer was calibrated for experiments on“Shenguang lI”X laser target chamber.The K-shell and M-shell emission lines of laser-produced plasma were measured by the space-resolved spectrometer.Some X-ray spectral lines were obtained through studying and classifying photographs of spectra recorded by X-ray CCD camera. The measured spectral resolution of spectrograph was given.The focusing spectrometer based on the ECS provides high spectral resolution and spatial reso1ution as well as high luminosity(high collection efficiency).Possible applications of the ECS are demonstrated.

A key problem in streak camera data processing is how to determine the position of the signal pulse，and the resuits will be effected by the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the experimental data and the signal pulse position determination method.In the paper，FW HM (half maximum and half width)method is used to determine the single pulse position.The method could determine the signal pulse po sition with sub-pixel precision when the SNR more than 100:1. As for the data with bad signal to noise ratio(SNR less than 10:1)，a Fast Fourier Transform method is used to filter the noise first，then the pulse position is determined by the FW HM method.And the streak camera calibration data of the super-fast sweep rate was processed.The sweep speed is(0.214+0.0029)ps/pixe1.The linear dependent coefficient is 0.9997, which shows the streak camera scanning linearity is good.

Laser driven shock wave stability of propagation in impedance match target was studied using one dimension characteristic line method.In addition，one dimension three temperature laser-target coupling JB program was used to simulate it.It was compared with simplified equation of state.The results of the two methods agree wel1.The calculation results show that shock wave stability of propagation in Au depends closely on the thickness of the A1 base.

描述了用于激光等离子体X射线光谱研究的椭圆弯曲晶体谱仪系统。在“神光Ⅱ”第九路激光上对该谱仪进行标定实验，刺用CCD相机成功地获得了激光等离子体铝和钛离子的K壳层和金离子M壳层谱；通过研究和辨认谱线，得到了X射线光谱，同时还给出了实验测定的谱仪分辨率。椭圆弯曲晶体谱仪除有高的收集光子效率外，还有更好的谱分辨和空间分辨率。分析了椭圆弯曲晶体谱仪在前沿科学技术和高技术实验中的应用。